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1970: Heyerdahl sails papyrus boat


The Ra II, a papyrus sailing vessel constructed by Norwegian anthropologist Thor Heyerdahl, sets sail across the Atlantic on this day. In 1969, a replica of an ancient Egyptian vessel was constructed of papyrus reeds by Heyerdahl to test his theory that the ancient Egyptians were the first to sail to America. The Ra, which left Morocco for Central America in May 1969, foundered 600 miles short of its goal, but Heyerdahl immediately started work on a new papyrus boat. On May 17 1970, the Ra II left Morocco and proved seaworthy enough to transport a multinational crew across the Atlantic Ocean in 57 days.

2004

Massachusetts becomes the first American state to legally hold a same-sex marriage.

2000

Alan Chambers and Charlie Paton become the first two Britain’s to reach the geographical North Pole without outside support.

1999

Ehud Barak is elected Prime Minister of Israel.

1995

Jacques Chirac takes up his position as President of France

1987

An Iraqi F-I Mirage fighter plane fires two missiles at the USS Stark while it is on patrol in the Gulf. 37 American seamen are killed and at least 60 others injured.

1978

The coffin of actor Charlie Chaplin is found 10 miles from the Swiss cemetery where he had been buried, after being stolen on 2nd March.

1974

A series of bombs, planted by the Ulster Volvunter force, in Dublin and Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland kill a combined total of 23 people.

1973

In America, a Senate Committee begins its televised investigation into the Watergate Scandal.

1960

The East-West summit in Paris between the Soviet Union, America, Britain and France fails to get past procedural matters due to a row erupting about the American U2 spy plane that was shot down over Russia on 1 May. 

1954

Hearing the case Brown v Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court overturns a ruling dating back to 1896 that education should be 'separate but equal'. This new ruling outlaws segregation in America's state school system.

1940

The Second World War: Germany occupies the Belgian capital Brussels.

1875

In America, the first Kentucky Derby is staged at Churchill Downs, Kentucky and won by a horse named Aristides.

1814

Norway adopts a new constitution and declares its independence from its Scandinavian neighbours, Sweden.

1792

In America, 24 brokers meet on Wall Street in New York to sign an agreement to fix uniform rates of commission for the sale of stocks and bonds - effectively establishing the city's first stock exchange.

1590

Anne of Denmark is crowned Queen of Scotland.

1956

American boxer Sugar Ray Leonard. The first boxer to win world titles at five different weights.

1918

Swedish soprano Brigit Nilsson.

1911

American film actress Maureen O'Sullivan - best known as 'Jane' in a series of Tarzan films with Johnny Weissmuller. Other films include David Copperfield and Pride and Prejudice.

1900

Iranian religious leader Ayatollah Khomeni. Returns to Iran from exile following the overthrow of the Shah of Iran in 1979. Khomeni rules Iran until his death in 1989.

1866

French composer and pianist Erik Satie.

1749

Vaccination pioneer Edward Jenner

1998

British journalist and former Daily Mirror editor Hugh Cudlipp, aged 84. He had been Fleet Street's youngest-ever editor being put in charge of the Sunday Pictorial when only 24.

1935

French composer Paul Dukas. Compositions included the 'Sorcerer's Apprentice' featured in the Disney animation film 'Fantasia'.

1727

Catherine I, Empress of Russia.

1510

Florentine painter Sandro Botticelli - works included 'The Birth of Venus' and 'Primavera'.