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10th December

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1901: First Nobel Prizes


The first Nobel Prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, who regretted the damage done by his invention of dynamite, created the awards. When he died in 1896, he directed the creation of a fund, the interest of which was to be distributed annually to those who have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind. Five years after his death, the first five Nobel Prizes were awarded. Today, the award is regarded as the most prestigious in the world. Notable winners have included Marie Curie, Theodore Roosevelt, Albert Einstein, George Bernard Shaw, Winston Churchill, Mother Teresa, the Dalai Lama, Martin Luther King Jr., Mikhail Gorbachev and Nelson Mandela.


2003

In England, The Court of Appeal overturns Angela Cannings life sentence for the murder of her two baby sons. She had also maintained her son’s had tragically died from cot death.

1990

The Gulf War: The first 100 British hostages are released by Saddam Hussein’s regime and are arrive back in England.

1986

Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

1983

President Raúl Alfonsín begins his Presidency in Argentina.

1974

Representative Wilbur D. Mills, a Democrat from Arkansas, resigns as chairman of the Ways and Means Committee in the aftermath of the first truly public sex scandal in American politics.

1967

In America, a plane crash in Madison, Wisconsin kills soul singer Otis Redding and members of the Bar-Kays band.

1961

Albert Luthuli, leader of the banned African National Congress in South Africa, is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for trying to end apartheid.

1950

For his mediation during the first Arab-Israeli war, American diplomat Ralph Joseph Bunche receives the Nobel Peace Prize, becoming the first African American to win the prestigious award.

1948

The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

1941

The Second World War: British battleships Prince of Wales and Repulse are sunk by Japanese bombers and submarines in the South China Sea.

1920

The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson for his work in ending the First World War and creating the League of Nations.

1898

Signing of Treaty of Paris between United States of America and Spain ends the Spanish-American War. Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines are ceded to the U.S. for $20 million.

1817

Mississippi is admitted to the Union as an American state.

1520

Martin Luther publicly burns the Papal Bull which announces his excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church.

1508

The Papacy, France, the Holy Roman Empire and Spain conclude form the League of Cambrai against the Republic of Venice.

1914

Actress Dorothy Lamour - real name Mary Leta Dorothy Slaton.

1908

French composer and organist Olivier Messiaen. Dies in 1992.

1967

American singer Otis Redding, dies in plane crash - three days after recording his most successful record, Dock of The Bay.

1896

Death of Swedish chemist and industrialist Alfred Bernhard Nobel aged 63 - the inventor of dynamite. The first Nobel Prizes are awarded on this day in 1901.

1865

Belgian King Leopold I. Is succeeded by his son, Leopold II.