Lost Cities of the Ancients: Vanished Capital of the Pharaoh

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LIFE AND DEATH IN ROME: Capital of the World

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Cities of the Underworld: Scotland's Sin City  >>>

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capital

In economics, the stock of goods used in the production of other goods. Classical economics regards capital as a factor of production, distinguishing between financial capital and physical capital. Financial capital is accumulated or inherited wealth held in the form of assets, such as stocks and shares, property, and bank deposits, while physical capital is wealth in the form of physical assets such as machinery and plant. The term is also used to describe investment in a company as either share capital or debt (called loan capital).

Fixed capital is durable, examples being factories, offices, plant, and machinery. Circulating capital is capital that is used up quickly, such as raw materials, components, and stocks of finished goods waiting for sale. Private capital is usually owned by individuals and private business organizations. Social capital is usually owned by the state and is the infrastructure of the economy, such as roads, bridges, schools, and hospitals. Investment is the process of adding to the capital stock of a nation or business.


From the Hutchinson Encyclopedia of World History. © Research Machines plc [2006] All Rights Reserved, Helicon Publishing is a division of Research Machines.
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Victoria's Wars
Sudan
Chechnya in Focus
Rwanda
Iraq
Zimbabwe's Political History
The Arab-Israeli Conflict
Ramses, Warrior Pharaoh
The Baby Blitz
The Industrial Revolution
The Great War: Germany’s failed gambit
The Killing Fields: The Khmer Rouge and Cambodia
The Zulu War of 1879
The Falklands War
'Che' Film Review
Spitfire Competition
Shootout
Sudan
Chechnya in Focus
Rwanda
Iraq
Zimbabwe's Political History
The Arab-Israeli Conflict
2 January 1942

Manila, the capital of the Philippines, is captured by the Japanese.

4 January 1951

Residents of the South Korean capital, Seoul, are warned of imminent invasion by North Korean and Chinese Communist forces.

11 January 1998
More than 100 people are killed in two villages in Algeria. The attacks, which took place south of the capital Algiers, are alleged to have been perpetrated by Islamic extremists.
13 January 2001

San Salvador, the capital of El Salvador, is hit by a huge earthquake, leaving over 1,000 people feared dead.

17 January 1945
World War II: Soviet troops capture the Polish capital Warsaw.
27 January 1991

In Somali, dictator Muhammad Siyad Barre flees the capital Mogadishu as rebels overrun his palace and take control of the capital.

31 January 1996

91 people are killed and 1,400 injured when Tamil Tiger guerrillas explode a lorry bomb in the centre of the Sri Lankan capital, Colombo.

10 February 1931
New Delhi becomes the capital of India.
1 March 1973
Gunmen from the Palestinian terrorist group, Black September, storm the Saudi Arabian embassy in the Sudanese capital Khartoum, taking a number of diplomats hostage.
21 March 1965
In America, 3,200 civil rights demonstrators, led by Martin Luther King Jr, begin a historic march from Selma, Alabama, to the State Capital Montgomery. 
22 March 1859
An earthquake hits the capital of Ecuador, Quito, killing approximately 5,000 people.
2 April 1917
In America, the first woman ever elected to Congress, Jeannette Pickering Rankin, takes her seat on Capital Hill.
7 April 1994
In the Rwandan capital of Kigali, violence erupts between the Patriotic Front rebel group, dominated by Rwanda's Tutsi people, and government soldiers and militias, dominated by the Hutus.
13 April 1918
The First World War: Germany seizes control of the Finish capital Helsinki.
17 April 1975
The Khmer Rouge takes control of the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh, as the countries civil war ends and Pol Pot’s rule of Cambodia begins.
21 April 1987

A car bomb planted by the Tamil Tigers in the Sri Lankan capital, Colombo kills more than 100 people.

1 May 2000

During anti-capitalist protests in London hundreds of demonstrators are arrested for rioting. 

17 May 1940
The Second World War: Germany occupies the Belgian capital Brussels.
27 May 1703
Tsar Peter the Great founds St Petersburg and proclaims it to be the new capital of Russia.
28 May 1991
In Ethiopia rebel troops and tanks enter the capital, Addis Ababa, and bring an end to the Marxist Government which had been in power for 17 years.
4 June 1944
The Second World War: Allied troops liberate the Italian capital, Rome.
18 June 1999
Police and anti-capitalist protesters clash in London, England with the police making 16 arrests.
20 June 1976
Following the murder of the American ambassador Francis Meloy in Beirut, westerners are evacuated from the Lebanese capital and taken to Syria by the U.S. military.
23 June 1940
The Second World War: Adolf Hitler surveys notable sites in the French capital, now German-occupied territory.
29 June 1972
The U.S. Supreme Court rules that capital punishment, as it is currently employed on the state and federal level, is unconstitutional.
11 July 1975
China’s Terracotta Army uncovered near the ancient capital of Xian. More than 8,000 life sized warriors were buried around 206BC to guard the tomb of the first Chinese Emperor.
23 July 1995
1,200 British troops are sent to relieve the besieged Bosnian capital, Sarajevo.
6 August 1538
The capital of Colombia, Bogotá, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
7 August 2003
West African peacekeepers start to patrol the wart torn Liberian capital Monrovia following a statement issued by the country's President, Charles Taylor, announcing his resignation.
20 August 1995
358 are killed in one of India’s worst railway accidents when two trains both heading for Delhi collide at Firozobad, approximately 120 miles from the capital.
24 August 1814
In America, British troops led by General Ross invade the city of Washington and set fire to buildings in the capital, including the White House.
2 September 1898
British troops, led by Lord Kitchener, defeat the Sudanese at the Battle of Omdurman and re-occupy the Sudanese capital, Khartoum.
25 September 1996
In Afghanistan, the Taliban are imbedded around Kabul, poised to launch an attack on the capital. 
27 September 1996
The Taliban seize control of the capital of Afghanistan, Kabul.
1 October 1918
The First World War: Arab forces under Emir Faisal - including British Army officer T. E. Lawrence, Lawrence of Arabia, capture the Syrian capital Damascus from the Turks.
2 October 1993
In Russia, a pro-communist demonstration in Moscow breaks into violence as the demonstrators and police clash in the capital.
9 October 1915
The First World War: Austro-Hungarian forces capture the Serbian capital Belgrade.
13 October 1923
Istanbul is replaced by Ankara as the new capital of Turkey.
21 October 1994
The Seongsu Bridge in the South Korea in capital Seoul collapse killing 32 people. 
24 October 1981
In London, England 250,000 people gather in the capital for a Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament rally. 
2 November 1982
A truck explodes in the Salang Tunnel in Afghanistan, killing an estimated 3,000 people, mostly Soviet soldiers travelling to the capital, Kabul.
13 November 1789
The first President of the United States, George Washington, returns to the capital Washington D.C. at the end of his first presidential tour.
5 December 1950
The Korean War: Chinese troops enter the capital of North Korea, Pyongyang.
8 December 1949
In the wake of the success of Mao Zedong’s communist forces, Chinese Nationalist leaders depart for the island of Taiwan, where they establish their new capital in Taipei.
9 December 1952
After four days of thick fog sunshine breaks out in London as the capital returns to normal having been brought to a standstill due to the bad weather.
18 December 1982
A fire begins in a power plant begins in Venezuela. By the time it ended, it killed 128 people and injured hundreds more. Half the capital city of Caracas lost electrical power and 40,000 people had to be evacuated.
20 December 1946
The morning after Viet Minh forces under Ho Chi Minh launched a revolt in the Vietnamese capital of Hanoi, French colonial troops crack down on the communist rebels forcing them to flee Hanoi.
23 December 1972
Approximately 10,000 are killed after an earthquake strikes the Nicaraguan capital of Managua.
31 December 2006
8 bombs explode in the Thai capital Bangkok as the city gets ready to celebrate the New Year.
3 December 2004
Basque separatist group Eta detonate a series of bombs in the centre of the Spanish capital, Madrid.
 

1776: United States declares independence
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